Most people are aware that addictions lead to mental health issues. Substance abuse is defined as the use of psychoactive substances that severely impact physical health and well-being, social functioning, relationships, and personal responsibilities. Alcoholism and drug addiction may indicate a high degree of susceptibility to addiction in some individuals.
The most commonly used substances include marijuana, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, cocaine, prescription medications, and opioids. Additionally, steroids, hallucinogens, and inhalants are often misused.
When it comes to treating addiction, the treatment method tailored for each individual should consider several factors:
- The substances the person is currently using or has recently used.
- The individual’s history of addiction.
- Any co-occurring mental or physical health conditions.
- Previous treatments for addiction or related conditions and their effectiveness.
- An assessment that evaluates the patient’s strengths and deficits will influence the selected model or method for treating addiction. It is also essential to consider what the patient aims to achieve through treatment.
Two Main Methods of Addiction Treatment
Addiction treatment generally falls into two main approaches: abstinence-based recovery and medically managed (or medication-assisted) recovery. The former begins with the earliest possible, safe withdrawal from substances. The latter focuses on the stable reduction of harm through the use of medications to regulate the state of addiction and stabilize the patient’s overall health.
Some individuals may need to start with abstinence-based recovery to prepare themselves for a new life, while others may require assistance in creating a new life for themselves. One method of addiction treatment should not contradict the other.
It is essential to have informed consent, which includes the following: patients must provide informed consent for any proposed method of treatment for substance addiction. This means ensuring that the patient understands the significance of the expected benefits and risks.
All methods of addiction treatment acknowledge that addiction is a life-threatening condition. For this reason, regardless of the patient’s ultimate goal, immediate measures must be taken to reduce the risk of death. Choosing an integrated model where medical services and psychological therapies work together effectively is preferable.
The first stage of treatment, aimed at initiating the recovery process, begins when a person enters a treatment facility. However, it is crucial when an individual first realises they need help. A lack of motivation can take a significant amount of time for someone to seek help, but this is an important step that often goes unnoticed. It is also essential that the person acknowledges the existence of a problem, that something needs to change, and assistance is required. Consequently, a significant psychological shift occurs, even though the person may still be filled with doubt, uncertainty, and ambivalence at the beginning of treatment.
During the treatment process, particularly in cases of physical dependence, careful management of the detoxification process is essential, as the brain has adapted to the expectation of the substance. This may involve using other medications under controlled conditions and medical supervision.
A therapeutic and supportive environment is crucial in the recovery process. Individuals with addictions need support to understand the condition they are suffering from and to recognize what is necessary for their recovery. This period will involve reconnecting with others, including family members, which can be challenging.
Let’s consider the critical prerequisites for liberation from addiction:
Changing the Approach to Life
The nature of addiction means that a person spends nearly their entire life focused on obtaining and using substances. Therefore, their whole approach to life must radically change.
Intrinsic Dilemma – “Benefits” Without Harmful Consequences
Addiction creates problems that push a person to seek help. However, at this stage, the individual may consciously or unconsciously aim to find ways to continue using substances without the associated harm. Thus, conducting a thorough addiction assessment is essential at the beginning of the treatment process. Understanding the correct stage of addiction can be used to apply appropriate treatment and care.
Depending on the severity of the addiction, treatment may be conducted with the help of outpatient services aimed at reducing the risks of alcohol and drug use while enhancing promised resources, including positive social support.